最高人民法院下发《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉合同编通则若干问题的解释》（下称《解释》），自12月5日起施行。

《解释》包括一般规定、合同的订立、合同的效力、合同的履行、合同的保全、合同的变更和转让、合同的权利义务终止、违约责任和附则等九部分。其中，关于预约合同的认定，根据《解释》，当事人以认购书、订购书、预订书等形式约定在将来一定期限内订立合同，或者为担保在将来一定期限内订立合同交付了定金，能够确定将来所要订立合同的主体、标的等内容的，法院应当认定预约合同成立。当事人通过签订意向书或者备忘录等方式，仅表达交易的意向，未约定在将来一定期限内订立合同，或者虽然有约定但是难以确定将来所要订立合同的主体、标的等内容，一方主张预约合同成立的，法院不予支持。

（来源：人民法院报）

The Supreme People's Court (SPC) has recently released the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the General Provisions of the Contracts Book of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China (the "Interpretation"), with effect on December 5, 2023.

The Interpretation comprises nine sections, covering general rules, conclusion of contracts, effect of contracts, performance of contracts, preservation of contracts, modification and assignment of contracts, termination of rights and obligations under a contract, default liability, and supplementary provisions. Regarding the identification of a preliminary contract, according to the Interpretation, if the parties agree to conclude a contract within a certain period of time in the future by means of a letter of subscription, letter of order, letter of reservation, and the like, or if they deposit earnest money to secure the conclusion of a contract within a certain period of time in the future, thereby establishing clarity on the parties, subject matter, and other essential elements of the contract to be concluded in the future, the court should recognize the formation of a preliminary agreement. However, if the parties merely express their intention to transact by signing a letter of intent or memorandum without agreeing to conclude a contract within a certain period of time in the future, or if it is difficult to ascertain the parties, subject matter, and other essential elements of the contract to be concluded in the future, the court will reject a party's claim of the establishment of a preliminary contract, even if an agreement exists.

附件：民法典合同编司法解释正式版 vs 征求意见稿 对比表

来源：律商视点